The British education policy
Prior to the arrival of the British education, Hindus and Muslims got taught by Pathsala and Faith schools, correspondingly, but the arrival of the British brought in a distinct way of learning, namely Missionaries.
So that they too will establish a category of Indians who seem to be Indian in blood and appearance, but English in sense and who will work as linguists amidst the public and the government.
Education is a strong instrument for unlocking the golden door of liberty that provides the potential to transform the world. With the arrival of British rule in India, its decisions and practices shattered the legacy of classical institutions of learning, necessitating the creation of a subservient class.
To accomplish this, they enacted a variety of laws aimed at painting an Indian canvas with English colors through the educational system.
The British East India Company seemed primarily unconcerned about the growth of the educational system since its primary goal was to make money. To dominate India, they proposed to train a tiny segment of the top and middle classes.
For the growth of education in India, the British took the following initiatives and methods. The following provides a timeline of the promotion of education in India during the British colonial period.
The Education Act of 1813 – British education
Charles Grant and William Wilberforce
Missionary advocates Charles Grant and William Wilberforce forced the East India Company to abandon its non-invention policies and allow for the development of education in English important to enlighten modern literature and promote Christianity.
As a result, the British Parliament included a section in the 1813 charter stating that the Major general should not spend over one lakh on education and so that Christian Missionary should be permitted to preach their religious ideas within India.
The Act was significant since it became the first time the British East India Company addressed the necessity of an education system In India. Calcutta College was founded to provide Modern education due to the support of R.R.M Roy. In addition, three Sanskrit institutions were formed at Calcutta.
The General Council on Public Instruction was established in 1823
This committee was founded to oversee the growth of education in India, which got driven by Orientalists, instead of Anglicans, who became strong supporters of Oriental studies. As a result, they put a tremendous burden on the British India Company to enhance Modern education.
As a consequence, the expansion of education in India became a contentious issue among Orientalists and English language specialists, as well as Macaulay’s decision, offered a complete image of the British educational system.
The public Education policy of Lord Macaulay, in 1835
This strategy aimed to develop an education system that solely educated the higher echelons of society in English. Persian got decommissioned as the judicial language, while English took its place.
English textbook printings became accessible for complimentary or at a really cheap cost. In comparison to western education, English education received greater funding. JED Bethune established Bethune School in 1849. The Agricultural Institute build at Pusa (Bihar) and the Technology Institution got established in Roorkee.